本篇文章给大家谈谈英语中什么情况下用动名词,以及动名词的短句对应的知识点,文章可能有点长,但是希望大家可以阅读完,增长自己的知识,最重要的是希望对各位有所帮助,可以解决了您的问题,不要忘了收藏本站喔。
本文目录
一、英语中长短句如何定义
1.求助在英语中,一些词句类型的定义求教各位亲爱的同学,在英语中,
首先,英语中常见的句子成分有:主要成分三大类,它们就是主、谓、宾;次要成分莫忘记,表、定、状语和补语。
首先,英语中常见的句子成分有:主要成分三大类,它们就是主、谓、宾;次要成分莫忘记,表、定、状语和补语。
其次,是弄清各种成分的定义和作用。通俗点说,定语:是修饰、限定名词、代词的成分。
表语:接在be动词或become、get、turn、go等后面的成分。状语:动词前后表示时间、地点、状态、方式、原因、结果、条件、比较等的成分。
主、谓、宾语和汉语的基本相同。宾补:宾语后面补充说明宾语的成分。
助动词:do/did/does;have/has/had等用来帮助表达疑问、否定及其它时态形式的词。情态动词:表达情感、态度、推测、判断等的词。
副词:修饰动词、形容词、副词等的词。介词:动词、名词、形容词等后面所跟的词,可带自己的宾语。
长短句原则工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read。 Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar。
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词(Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 2.形容词形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot热的。 2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid害怕的。(错) He is an ill man.(对) The man is ill.(错) She is an afraid girl.(对) The girl is afraid.这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如: something nice 3.副词及其基本用法副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。
一、副词的位置: 1)在动词之前。 2)在be动词、助动词之后。
3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。注意: a.大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。
We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b.方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well.二、副词的排列顺序: 1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。
2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
注意:副词very可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。改错:(错) I very like English.(对) I like English very much.注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
I don't know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat.……形容词/定冠词/不定冠词都是用来修饰名词的 adj可修饰的是可数名词复数或者是单数定冠词可修饰不可数和可数名词不定冠词a/an修饰可数名词单数副词(adv)修饰动词或者是动词短语 be动词后跟形容词或者是现在分词介词(prep)后面跟动名词一般用于句首常见的有be动词,特殊疑问词(how what where……)等,另如祈使句,通常是Don't…情态动词(aux)后跟动词原形联系动词(Lv.)后跟形容词原级。
英语中很多单词是通过合成的方式构成的,他们叫做合成词,常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。
1.合成名词名词+名词: football足球名词+动词: snowfall下雪名词+动词-ing: horse-riding骑马名词+介词+名词: daughter-in-law儿媳动词-ing+名词: waiting-room候车室形容词+名词: greenhouse温室副词+名词: income收入介词+名词: afternoon下午过去分词+副词: grown-up成年人 2.合成动词名词+动词: water-cool用水冷却形容词+动词: quick-charge快速充电副词+动词: outact行动上胜过 3.合成形容词名词+形容词: world-famous世界文明的名词+动词-ing: peace-loving热爱和平的名词+过去分词: heart-broken伤心的动词+副词: takeaway外卖的形容词+名词: long-distance长途的形容词+形容词: dark-blue深蓝色的形容词+过去分词: new-born新出生的副词+形容词: color-blind色盲的副词+动词-ing: hard-working勤劳的副词+过去分词: well-known著名的数词+名词: first-class头等的数词+名词+形容词: ten-year-old十岁大的数词+名词+ed: three-cornered三角的介词+名词: indoor室内的。
二、英语中什么情况下用动名词
动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语,但是不能作补语。
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.
在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用单三形式动名词作主语,在动词的基础上加Ing,使该动词或动词短语,有名词的各种特征,可作名词灵活使用。
某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。如果句中的主语和表语同为动词时,要注意保持两个动词在形式上的一致。
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
1、动名词和现在分词都可用作表语,其区别为:
1)作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事,此时系动词相当于“是”,通常把主语和表语的位置互换,语法和意思不变。例如:
2)现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置。例如:
不可改为:Exciting is the race.
2、动名词和现在分词都可用作定语,其区别为:
动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词修饰名词时性质、状态或动作等。例如:
a sleeping child和 a sleeping car
前者的意思是“一个正在睡觉的孩子”,即a child who is sleeping,因为现在分词sleeping表示被修饰名词 child正处于的状态。
后者的意思是“卧车(被用来睡觉的车厢)”,即 a car which is used for sleeping,因为动名词 sleeping表示car的用途。
三、英语中的动名词是什么意思呢
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun);但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗?
在还没谈动名词之前,让我们先看看下面的句子:
2.The girl singing now is my sister.
3.Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).
三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present
Continuous),是说眼下正在做什么;第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present
Participle),它把sing这个动词转为形容词,但仍有动词的成份(哈哈,这么一说,
要把你搞晕了吧:-)。关于分词,以后有空再谈吧,OK?)。好戏在后头,你看看第
三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀?原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了!你
看,sing原本是个动词,可是现在它加上ing后,看来竟像是一个名词了。怎么,好玩
因此记住,不要以为一个动词加上ing后都是现在进行式呀!动名词可分为两大类:
一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)
Nominal Gerund可以加上定冠词(Definite article,如 the)或不定冠词
(Indefinite article,如 a, an),其他可加在动名词前的还有如:my, this, some,
1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.
(singing前加定冠词 the及形容词mellow;coming前加 the)
2.We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in
(rustling前加不定冠词a及形容词 faint)
从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词;但它和真正的名词还是有区别的,那
就是没有单数或复数之分。不过,有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔,如:
saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,
saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding等等。它们都可以有复数的喔,
方法就是在它们的后面加个s,如:paintings。
二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund)
Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.
上面的句子里的writing是动名词,但前面有副词carelessly(粗心地),后面又有受
词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。
注意:Verbal Gerund这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an...)喔。
好,今天就谈到这里,更多关于动名词的事下回再谈。如果诸位不怕头晕的,请再来试
一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(SubjectComplement):
1. Listening to music gives me pleasure.(主语Listening)
2. Running is good exercise.(主语running)
3. Walking to school is a good idea.(主语walking)
1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping.(补语sleeping)
2. Seeing is believing.(主语seeing,补语believing)
1. It is fun speaking English.
2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
1.3.2用 It is后接 no use. no good, fun等的句型
1. It is no use learning theory without practice.
2. It is no fun being lost in rain.
1.3.3用 It is后接 useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile等的句型
1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration.
1.3.4用 There+ be+ no+ v-ing的句型
1. There is no joking about such matters.
2. There is no getting along with him.(简直无法与他相处)
如何?感到头晕了吗?不怕的再来吧。再见。
二、动名词也可以作宾语(Object)
2.1作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面)
1. I cannot help laughing.(我禁不住笑了起来)(宾语laughing)
2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister.(宾语quarrelling)
3. You should practice speaking English more.(宾语speaking)
注意:上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice只能用动名词作宾语。这类
dislike厌恶 admit接受repent后悔acknowledge承认
enjoy享受 escape避免deny否认postpone延迟
resent怨恨mind介意 miss错过risk冒风险
finish完成avoid避免delay耽误 consider认为
fancy想象 excuse原谅 include包括 imagine想象
keep(on)继续 don't mind不介意 cannot help不禁 give up放弃
put off延迟leave off停止burst out闯出……
再请注意:有一些动词除了可接动名词外,也可接不定词(infinitive)。例子如下:
1. I prefer livingin an apartment.(动词prefer接动名词 living)
2. I prefer to live in an apartment.(动词prefer接不定词 to live)
像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如 prefer这一类的动词还有:
其实如hate, love, like之类动词,接动名词和接不定词的句子,意思是会有些不
同的,这就留给大家去研究吧,hihi……
2.2作介词(Preposition)的宾语(Object)
1. I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble.(介词for,宾语giving)
2. The book is worth reading.(介词worth,宾语reading)
3. I reached him by calling his office.(介词by,宾语calling)
4. The police arrested(逮捕)him for speeding.(介词for,宾语speeding)
注意:在下列的句子结构中,介词 in被省略掉:
1. She is busy(in) correcting her exercises.
2. He spent two hours(in) reading book.
3. There is no use(in) talking with him now.
4. Is it any good(in) taking cold water baths?
1. I have the pleasure of speaking to the famous author.(pleasure of+宾
2. He takes a great interest in studying languages.(interest in+宾语
delight to habit of opportunity for/of
excuse for experience inlove in
好了,好了,看到这里,你是不是需要一点风油呢?呵呵!Gerund还没谈完呢,再会
三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(Implied Subject)
什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢?在句子中,除了原有的主语之外,属于动名词的"主语
",也就称为"逻辑主语",一般位于动名词的前面。
3.1在动名词前加"物主代词(如:my, his...)"或"名词所有格(如:Mary's,
1. His coming here helped us a lot.(主语/逻辑主语his,动名词coming)
2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主
3.2作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名
1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm?(逻辑主语my,动名词smoking)
2. He insisted on Mary's staying there.(逻辑主语Mary,动名词staying)
注意:作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时,则用通格(of the):
1.I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate
3.3在下列情况中,不能使用所有格:
3.3.1代词为 all, both, each, few, several, some, this等作为逻辑主语时:
1. I remember all of them saying it.
3.3.2数词、名词化形容词(如 the three, the old...)作逻辑主语时:
1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could not believe
3.3.3结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语,或受从句或短语修饰时:
1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking
真是烦死人了!还好,"动名词"最难的一关要算是"逻辑主语"了。如果你闯过后,接下
当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时,动名词要用被动语态。
1. He dislikes being interrupted(被打岔) in his speech.
2. They couldn't stand being treated(被对待) like that.
动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,要用完成式。
1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.
2. The students' having done(完成) the work so well made us very happy.
4.3完成式的被动语态(having been+ v-ed)
1.I heard of his having been chosen(被选为) to be the coach of the team.
2.Some of our customers complained of having been treated(被对待)
4.4在动词 need, want, require, deserve之后的动名词(作为宾语),要用主动
1. The flowers in the garden want watering(需要浇水).
2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(不需回
动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语,表示该名词的用途或有关的动作。
六、在英文正式语体里,动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后,以替代副词/状语的子
例:1. In case customers encounter difficulties, they should ring the
2.In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the
第二个句子的"In case of"动名词短句(Gerund Phrase)取代第一个句子的"In
1.In spite of doing his best, the pupil was reproached.(In spite of)
2.Despite coming in time, the visitors were not admitted.(despite)
3.For all his arguing, the teacher could not convince us.(for all)
4.The fireman distinguished himself by doing his duty to the utmost.(by)
5.In sending us the book you proved to be reliable.(In)
6.Instead of blaming the boy, the teacher encouraged him.(instead of)
7.The girl left without saying a word.(without)
8.The boy was blamed for breaking the window.(for)
9.The children got tired from learning too much.(from)
10. After spending the holidays with us, our nephew went back to England.
11. Before going to bed, I opened the window.(before)
12. On arriving at the station, John was welcomed by his friends.(on)
13. Since leaving school, I have not seen my teacher.(since)
关于动名词终于谈完了,呜呼噫嘻……
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