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本文目录
一、中西差异英语短句
1.急需一些中英文化差异的中英文句子
The balance of value between native culture and global culture must be paid attention to in art education, cultural experience of different traditions can be shared by further mutual understanding and cultural differences should be encouraged to creat a p
The balance of value between native culture and global culture must be paid attention to in art education, cultural experience of different traditions can be shared by further mutual understanding and cultural differences should be encouraged to creat a p
全球化背景下的艺术教育，要注意到全球文化与地域文化间的价值平衡，应该通过增进理解，借鉴植根于不同文化传统土壤中的文化经验，支持文化差异的发展，形成多元的文化空间
They differ with each other mainly in the following three aspects: the core concept- the unification of nature and human and separation of main body and object respectively; values- respecting morality and cherishing wisdom respectively; way of thinking-
中西抒情诗文化差异主要表现在以下三个方面：一、人合一与主客二分是中西抒情诗文化核心观念的不同；二、德与爱智是中西抒情诗文化价值观的不同；三、觉与分析是中西抒情诗文化思维方式的不同。
In modern society, there is no obvious difference in everyday's life.They are only used to doing something as their customns in daily life in different countries.I want to talk it in the following three parts.They are food, dressing and living styles.
在现代的社会，人们每天的生活没有明显的不同，他们只是习惯按他们的习俗做事情，我想谈论以下三点，食物，穿着和生活方式方面。
First, food.In China, we prefer noodles, rice, dumplings as the main course. But in England or other west countries, people like eating hamburgers, chips, pizza, as their main course.In China, we become full up when we finish all the food, then we don't eat anything, but in west countries, people eat desserts after they finish their meals
首先，食物，在中国，我们喜欢把面条，大米和饺子当做主食，但是在英国和其他西方国家，人们喜欢吃汉堡包，薯条和披萨，把它们当做主食。在中国，我们吃完饭后，不吃任何其他东西，而西方国家，人们饭后还会吃甜点。
Second, dressing.In China, we prefer colorful clothes, we dress them in different places, some time many people don't mind the places we will go, and dress more formal or less formal, and some people just wearing beautiful clothes, don't make up; But in west countries, people dress according their visiting places, in daily times, they often wear casual clothes, but if they go to a formal places,they often wear suits, ladies wearing beautiful dresses, pretty hats. No matter how old the ladies are, they always make up.
第二，穿着，在中国，我们喜欢彩色的衣服，我们在不同的地方穿。有时，人们不介意去哪里或穿多么正式的衣服，人们只是喜欢穿漂亮的衣服并且也不打扮，但是在西方，人们根据他们去的地方来打扮，在日常生活中，人们常穿普通衣服，但是如果他们去正式的地方，他们穿西服，女人们穿漂亮的衣服，戴可爱的帽子，不论多么老的女人，他们总会打扮。
Third, living styles.Chinese prefer getting up early and go to bed early too.We usually go home early and cook meals, then we eat and watch TV, then we go to bed. But in most west countries, people live in a easy and happy lives. They get up late and go to work late too.
第三，生活方式，中国人喜欢早起早睡，我们常常早早回家做饭，然后吃饭，睡觉，但是在大多数西方国家，人们生活在一中容易，开心的生活中，他们起床迟，上班也迟。
That's all that l know about it. Difference is also a specific character.
那就是我所知道的，不同也是一种个性。
1【老美写的】The differences between English and Chinese Introduction: There is not one single Chinese language, but many different versions or dialects including Wu, Cantonese and Taiwanese. Northern Chinese, also known as Mandarin, is the mother tongue of about 70% of Chinese speakers and is the accepted written language for all Chinese. Belonging to two different language families, English and Chinese have many significant differences. This makes learning English a serious challenge for Chinese native speakers.Alphabet: Chinese does not have an alphabet but uses a logographic system for its written language. In logographic systems symbols represent the words themselves- words are not made up of various letters as in alphabetic systems. Because of this fundamental difference, Chinese learners may have great difficulty reading English texts and spelling words correctly.Phonology: Most aspects of the English phonological system cause difficulties for Chinese learners. Some English phonemes do not exist in Chinese; stress and intonation patterns are different. Unlike English, Chinese is a tone language. This means that it uses the pitch(highness or lowness) of a phoneme sound to distinguish word meaning. In English, changes in pitch are used to emphasize or express emotion, not to give a different word meaning to the sound.English has more vowel sounds than Chinese, resulting in the faulty pronunciation of words like ship/sheep, it/eat, full/fool. Dipthongs such as in weigh, now or deer are often shortened to a single sound.Chinese learners find it difficult to hear the difference between l and r, and so may mispronounce rake and rice as lake and lice. A major problem is with the common final consonant in English. This feature is much less frequent in Chinese and results in learners either failing to produce the consonant or adding an extra vowel at the end of the word. For example, hill may be pronounced as if without the double ll but with a drawn out i, or as rhyming with killer.The difficulties of pronouncing individual English words, compounded by problems with intonation, result in the heavily accented English of many Chinese learners. In some cases, even learners with perfect grammar may be very hard to understand.Grammar- Verb/Tense: In English much information is carried by the use of auxiliaries and by verb inflections: is/are/were, eat/eats/ate/eaten, etc. Chinese, on the other hand, is an uninflected language and conveys meaning through word order, adverbials or shared understanding of the context. The concept of time in Chinese is not handled through the use of different tenses and verb forms, as it is in English. For all these reasons it is not surprising that Chinese learners have trouble with the complexities of the English verb system.Here are some typical verb/tense mistakes:What do you do?(i.e. What are you doing?)(wrong tense) I will call you as soon as I will get there.(wrong tense) She has got married last Saturday.(wrong tense) She good teacher.(missing copula) How much you pay for your car?(missing auxiliary) I wish I am rich.(indicative instead of subjunctive) English commonly expresses shades of meaning with modal verbs. Think for example of the increasing degree of politeness of the following instructions: Open the window, please. Could you open the window, please? Would you mind opening the window, please? Since Chinese modals do not convey such a wide range of meaning, Chinese learners may fail to use English modals sufficiently. This can result in them seeming peremptory when making requests, suggestions, etc.Grammar- Other: Chinese does not have articles, so difficulties with their correct use in English are very common. There are various differences in word order between Chinese and English. In Chinese, for example, questions are conveyed by intonation; the subject and verb are not inverted as in English. Nouns cannot be post-modified as in English; and adverbials usually precede verbs, unlike in English which has complex rules governing the position of such sentence elements. Interference from Chinese, then, leads to the following typical problems: When you are going home? English is a very hard to learn language. Next week I will return to China.(More usual English: I will return to China next week.) Vocabulary: English has a number of short verbs that very commonly combine with particles(adverbs or prepositions) to form what are known as phrasal verbs; for example: take on, give in, make do with, look up to. This kind of lexical feature does not exist in Chinese. Chinese learners,。
The culture differences between the East and West东方和西方间的不同文化 As we know,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.（众说周知，东方和西方间在不同方面有许多我难以列举的不同之处。）
It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they like.Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles,pancakes and rice.（无疑中国人用筷子是一种传统。但是美国人更喜欢叉子和小刀.这不同的结果建立在她们对食物的喜好上。
美国人选择吃牛肉片，面包和沙拉.然而中国人选择吃面条，薄烤饼和米饭。 In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting.Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life.In a addition,the rate of going to school,the salary of teaching,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I think that China government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I also expect to be one day,the West give more cheers to our country.（在我看来，在美国学习会更有趣。
老师们注重培养学生们对现实生活的理解能力。而且，去学校的上学率，教学的工资和毕业后的工作也大不相同。
我认为中国政府应该尽更大的努力改善教育系统。我也期望有一天，西方能给中国更多的鼓励。
There are many differences between the Eastern and the Western cultures. Let me tell you son, in the Eastern culture, you got to listen to me real good, and you ain't say nothing no, and you got to obey. While in the western culture, man, you may not listen to your old man, but you got to be tough and find you a job to support yourself. You can just walk out of home and nobody ain't ask you nothing. Man, tough life.。
二、英语小短句
1、青春终将散场，唯独记忆永垂不朽。
Youth will come to an end, but memory will last forever.
2、信心孕育信心，从胜利走向胜利。
Confidence breeds confidence, from victory to victory.
3、只有千锤百炼，才能成为好钢。
Only through hard work can we become good steel.
4、没有伞的孩子，必须努力奔跑！
Children without umbrellas must run hard!
5、生活没有观众，主角就是我们自己。
Life without an audience, the protagonist is ourselves.
6、生活的理想，就是为了理想的生活。
The ideal of life is to live an ideal life.
7、人生没有彩排，每天都是现场直播。
There is no rehearsal in life. Every day is a live broadcast.
8、在沉默中努力，让成功自己发声。
Work hard in silence and let success speak for itself.
Take your own road and let others talk.
10、成功不是击败别人，而是改变自己！
Success is not defeating others, but changing yourself!
11、要随波逐浪，不可随波逐流。
We must follow the waves, not the waves.
三、写作中英汉表达差异
1、有位专家曾做过这样一个实验：他找了两位二十岁左右的西班牙小伙子和中国小伙子，让他们在同一时间内用英语写同一篇作文，结果，西班牙小伙子潇潇洒洒地写了五百多字，意思表达基本明了，但拼写语法错误不胜枚举，改动处不多；而中国小伙子只拘谨地写了不到三百字，拼写错误不多，但语法改动不下二十余处，使人难以流畅地阅读。显然，前者只注意思想的表达，后者则有很强的语法意识———生怕犯语法错误，这种意识在相当程度上影响了思想的表达。由此可见，不同社会文化背景的人，会有不同的思维方式和思维习惯，在学习新的语言时，人们会很自然地把这种习惯带到新的语言里去，产生这样或那样的不良结果。
2、值得一提的是，中国人与西方人看问题的方法的确在许多方面存在着差异，而且这种差异的的确确在束缚着中国学生，成为他们英文写作中的拦路虎，使他们不能畅所欲言，不能准确而简洁地表达思想。因此，本文就大学英语写作中常出现的问题谈谈英汉表达的几种差异。
3、一、首先，让我们关注一下英美人与中国人思维方式的不同。英美人的思维方式是直线式的，他们在遣词造句谋篇上遵循着从一般（general）到具体（specific），从概括（summarize）到举例（exemplify），从整体（whole）到个体（respective）的原则。请看短文：
4、 Soccer is a difficult sport．（1）A player must be able to run steadilywithout rest．（2）Sometimes a player must hit the ball with his or her head．（3）Players must be willing to bang into and be banged into by others．（4）They must put up with aching feet and sore muscles．
5、上面的这则短文中，主题句（main idea sentence）也就是文章的中心是第一句，（1）（2）（3）（4）句是用来说明主题句的。
6、而在汉语中，我们习惯于先分后总，先说原因后说结果，即所谓的“前因后果”，如果要表达相同的意思，我们通常这样说：足球运动员必须能不停地奔跑，有时得用头顶球，撞别人或被别人撞，必须忍受双脚和肌肉的疼痛，所以说，足球运动是一项难度大的运动。
7、再比如写下面一则便条，因你母亲突然生病，周末你不能和汤姆去跳舞了，你找了舞跳得很好的时黛来代替你，并表示抱歉。
8、 Dear Tom，I am sorry to inform you that I won't be able to go to dance with you this weekend．My mother is suddenly takenill．In order not to disappoint you，I have asked Shi Dai to take my place．She is a better dancer，I think．My regrets.
9、从便条中可以看出，英语表达先“果”—I won't be able to go to dance with you this weekend.后“因”—my mother is suddenly taken ill，即所谓的“先果后因”。
10、一般来说，在单个句子中，英语句子也是先中心，也就是将主要思想、结果放在句首，放在主句里表达；而汉语正相反，一般为后中心，主要的观点、信息往往放在句末。如：
11、 He had to stay at hom e yesterday because he was ill．因为他病了，昨天他不得不呆在家里。
12、 Tragedies can be written in literature since there is tragedy in life．生活中既然有悲剧，文学作品就可以写悲剧。
13、所以说，大学生用英文写作时，就要按照英美人的思维模式进行思考，也就是说要学会用英语进行思维，避免写出中国式的英语。
14、二、接下来，让我们看一下英汉句子结构的特点。英语属印欧语系，汉语属汉藏语系，两种语言相距甚远，英语结构紧凑，汉语结构松散。语言学家以“竹节句法”来比喻英语句子，即英语句子是由断不可缺的各种连接词衔接而成，宛如节节相连的竹子；而汉语句子则被比喻为“流水句法”，所谓的流水指少用乃至不用连接词仍行文流畅。
15、所以说，英语重形和，汉语重意和。英语句子中如果少了连接词如or，but，if，so，because，when，although，in order that，so that，所要表达的意思就支离破碎了，而汉语如没连接词，只从句子本身的意思就可以把概念或关系表达清楚。如：
16、 Conquer the desires，or they will conquer you．你如不能战胜欲念，欲念将要战胜你。
17、 An English man who could not speak Chinese was once travelling in China．一个英国人，不会说中国话，有一次在中国旅行。
18、三、就是因为英语中各种连接词与替代词的广泛使用，使得英语中出现“多枝共干”式的长句，复合句；汉语则常用短句，简单句。请看下面一个英语长句以及其汉意。
19、 It was on a Sunday evening，when he was lying in the orchard listening to a blackbird and composing a love poem，that he heard thegate swing to，and saw the girl coming running among the trees，with the redcheeked，stolid Joe in swift pursuit．一个星期日的傍晚，他正躺在果园里，一面在听画眉鸟的啁啾，一面在写一首爱情诗，忽然听得大门砰地关上，接着看见那姑娘从树丛里奔出来，后面飞跟着那呆头呆脑的红脸的乔。
20、这是个英语强调句，其重心是：he heard the gate swing to and saw the girl com ing running am ong the trees．而when he was ly- ing in the orchard listening to a blackbird and com posing a love poem是一个时间状语从句，这两个句子通过itwas．．．that．．．这个强调句型巧妙地合为一个复合长句，整个句子简单明了，结构紧凑，若用汉语表达则须分成好几个短句。再如：
21、 The president said at a conference dominated by questions on yesterday's election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat，which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House．在一次记者招待会上，问题集中于昨天的选举结果，总统就此发了言。他说他不能理解为什么共和党遭到了这样大的失败。这种情况最终会使共和党失去在众议院长期享有的优势。
22、这个英语长句是由一个带有分词短语的主句，两个宾语从句和一个非限制性定语从句组成，整个句子的主干简单明了：The president said that...，若用汉语来表达，须把此长句拆开分成三个单句来分别叙述。
23、四、英语的另一个显著特点是被动句多。英语重物称，常常选择不能施行动作或无生命的词语作主语，由于这些“无灵”物称充当主语，使得被动句大兴其道。在英语被动句里，不必强调动作的施行者，就将其置于句尾由by连接；不必、不愿或不便言明动作的施行者，就干脆将其省略。相对而言，汉语习惯于人称化的表达，主语常常是能施行动作或有生命的物体，所以汉语中主动句多。请看例句：
24、 It has been known for a long time that there is a first relationship between the heart and the liver．长期以来，大家知道心脏与肝脏的关系是最主要的。
25、 The fam ous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire．大火几乎使这家有名的旅馆全部毁灭。
26、 They were given a hearty welcome．他们受到热烈欢迎。
27、五、英语的又一显著特点是其丰富的时态。不同的语言具有不同的时态，有的语言甚至很少或没有时态，汉语基本上就是借助词汇来表示各种时间和动作的，汉语动词除了只有“着”、“了”、“过”的若干说法与英语的进行时、完成时或过去时相对外，别无其他与英语相对应的时体形式；而英语不仅有时态，而且种类繁多（共有16种时态），区分细微，习惯性强。英语就是通过这些固定的语法手段将动作的进行过程与状况描绘得更准确更精细，有时甚至能表达说话人的感情色彩。如：
28、 You're always asking me such questions！你老是问我这样的问题！（用现在进行时表示厌烦）
29、 I am now living in a very pleasant flat．我现在住在一间非常舒适的公寓里。（用现在进行时表示满意）
30、所以，传递同样的意思，英语只要选用合适的时态就可以了，汉语则必须使用词汇手段。又如：It has been noted that those who live，or have lived，in the shadow of death bring a m ellow sweetness to everything theydo．人们已经注意到大凡受到死亡威胁的人或是死里逃生的人对于他们所干的任何事总是兴趣盎然。
31、六、从词汇方面讲，英汉两种语言也有很大差异。就词组而言，英语中的词组或短语可谓林林总总，丰富多彩，有名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语与独立结构等，它们的语法功能不一而足，可作主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语与表语等。如：
32、 Marriage may be compared to a cage：the birds outside despair to get in and those within despair to get out．婚姻好比鸟笼，外面的鸟儿想进进不去，里面的鸟儿想出出不来。（不定式短语to get in，to get out作状语）
33、 I am utterly in the dark about the matter．我对这件事完全不知道。（介词词组in the dark作表语）
34、 Christmas is coming up．圣诞节就要到了。（动词短语come up作谓语）
35、相比之下，汉语更偏重以单音节或多音节的单词为其基本的句法成分，而且其短语用法十分有限。
36、语言的形成与发展深受本国、本土、历史、地理、风土人情等各方面的影响，英语、汉语也不例外。英语中某些词的含义并不完全与汉语对等，比如lover这个词，大多数中国人认为是“爱人”（丈夫或妻子），其实在西方lover指的是情夫或情妇；再比如First Lady，在英美等国指的是总统夫人或州长夫人，而在中国常会被误解，认为是“原配夫人”，说不定还会有“二奶”、“三姨太”之类；又如intellectual这个词，在英美等国其范围较小，只包括大学教授等有较高学术地位的人，不包括普通的大学生，而多数中国人认为intellectual就是“知识分子”，而且汉语中的知识分子所指范围很广，大学教师、中学教师、大学生、医生、工程师、翻译人员以及一切受过大学教育的人都可以称为知识分子。
37、此外英语中的许多词常常一词多义，它们所表达的各个含义，分别与汉语中几个不同的词或词组相对应，所以，在用英文写作时，一定要慎重地选词用词，以期贴切地表达思想。
38、综上所述，只有充分了解英汉表达的各种差异，才会胸有成竹，下笔有神，行文流畅。
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